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Svenska Swedish
Family	Sub-family	Language of	Script
Indo-European	Northern Germanic	Sweden , Finland	Extended Latin

Syntax in Swedish is relatively the same as English with a few differences.

Contents 1 Basic Syntax 1.1 Affirmative Statements 1.2 Affirmative Statements with an Adverb 1.3 Questions with a Question Word 1.4 Questions without a Question Word 1.5 Two Verbs 2 Placing of 'inte'

Basic Syntax

Affirmative Statements

Jag kommer från Sverige.                      I come from Sweden.
 S    V            O
 1    2            3

In basic affirmative statements, the subject is in position 1 and the verb in position two.

Affirmative Statements with an Adverb

Nu kommer jag från Sverige.                   I am coming from Sweden now.
A     V    S         O
1     2    3         4

The verb always needs to stay in the second position in statements like these. The adverb assumes position 1 while the subject gets pushed back to position 3.

Questions with a Question Word

Var kommer du ifrån?                          Where are you from?
 Q     V    S
 1     2    3

Question words always go into position 1 again pushing the subject into position 3.

Questions without a Question Word

Kommer du från Sverige?                       Are you from Sweden?
   V    S         O
   1    2         3

Here, the order is reversed with the verb in position 1 and the subject in position 2.

Two Verbs

Jag vill åka till Sverige			I want to go to Sweden
 S   V1  V2         O
 1   2   3          4

Nu vill jag åka till Sverige			Now I want to go to Sweden
A   V1   S  V2          O
1   2    3  4           5

Vill du åka till Sverige?			Do you want to go to Sweden?
 V1  S  V2          O
 1   2  3           4

Nu vill du åka till Sverige?			Now do you want to go to Sweden?
A   V1  S  V2          O
1   2   3  4           5

For the most part it stays the same. The moving of the subject and adverbs is always around the first verb, not the second. The objects still come after the second verb.

Placing of 'inte'

Inte is the particle meaning not. It's placement can also be quite challenging. View the examples here.

Jag sjunger inte			I am not singing
 S     V     *     
 1     2     3

Jag frågade inte dig			I didn't ask you
 S    V       *   O
 1    2       3   4

In a basic statement with just S, V and O, the inte always goes in the 3rd place (that is, after the verb but before the object)

Det har jag inte			I do not have it
 O   V   S   *
 1   2   3   4

Nu kommer jag inte			Now I'm not coming
 A   V     S   *
 1   2     3   4

När du frågade mig, sjöng jag inte	When you asked me, I wasn't singing
                      V    S   *
                      1    2   3

In a basic statement where there is something in front of the verb invoking the V2 rule to make it VS rather than SV, the inte falls into last place after the verb and the subject (but still before the object if there is one). This can also apply to more complicated phrases too.

Jag tror att du inte sjunger så bra	I think you don't sing so well
          C   S  *      V
              1  2      3

After a conjunction eg. att, where the V2 rule is not invoked (that is, remaining SV), the inte moves into the 2nd position between the subject and the verb.

Jag vill inte åka till Sverige			I don't want to go to Sweden
 S   V1   *   V2          O
 1   2    3   4           5

When there is two verbs, the inte is placed between the two verbs always. Essentially, you can just use the constructs above, but placing the second verb before the object.

Swedish pages
Introduction (Inledning) · Adjectives (Adjektiv) · Gender (Genus) · Pronouns (Pronomen) · Syntax · Verbs (Verb) · Vocabulary (Ordförråd)

Germanic Languages
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