From WikiLang
|
Russian |
||||
| Indo-European | East Slavic |  Russia,  Ukraine,  Belarus Kazakhstan,  Kyrgyzstan,  Moldova United Nations |
Cyrillic | |
Contents |
Russian verb basics
Russian Verbs are conjugated for person and gender and can be modified to represent two aspects. The aspects are formed by the addition of new parts to the verb, whereas the person, gender, and tense are built into conjugational endings.
Aspects
Russian verbs are divided into two aspects; perfective and imperfective. The imperfective is the typical form found in dictionaries and the imperfective is typically formed from it by the addition of a prefixed preposition. Different prepositions can be used to give different meanings to the verbs. Sometimes a new imperfective form can be formed from a perfective form by means of an infix.
Imperfective aspect
The imperfective aspect is conjugated for past, present, and future tenses. The present tense is formed with a set of conjugation groups, the past tense is formed by adding an l and the gender of the subject.
Perfective aspect
The perfective aspect is only conjugated in the past and the future tenses. The past is conjugated like the imperfective past, while the future is conjugated like the imperfective present.
Conjugation Groups
Verbs in Russian typically conjugate into one of these groups, or are irregular and the conjugation must be learned along with the verb.
First Conjugation
The first conjugation is as follows (using the verb rabotat' - to work as an example):
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | работаю | работаем |
| 2nd person | работаешь | работаете |
| 3rd person | работает | работают |
Second Conjugation
The second conjugation is as follows (using the verb govorit' - to speak as an example):
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | говорю | говорим |
| 2nd person | говоришь | говорите |
| 3rd person | говорит | говорят |
| Russian pages
|
|---|
| Introduction · Adpositions · Gender · Lexicon · Pronouns · Sounds and Writing · Verbs |
| Slavic Languages | |
|---|---|
| Eastern Slavic |  Belarusian · Russian · Ukrainian
|
| Southern Slavic |  Bulgarian ·  Macedonian ·  Old Church Slavonic ·  Serbo-Croatian  Bosnian  Croatian  Montenegrin Serbian ·  Slovene
|
| Western Slavic |  Czech ·  Kashubian ·  Polish ·  Silesian ·  Slovak ·  Lower Sorbian ·  Upper Sorbian
|
