Mirandese:Sounds and Writing
From WikiLang
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Mirandese |
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| Indo-European | Italic | Northeastern Portugal |
Extended Latin | |
Letters
| Letter | Pronunciation | Comments |
|---|---|---|
| A a | /a/, /ɐ/, /ɐ̃/ | |
| B b | /b/, /β/ | /b/ when in initial position and after nasal vowel, /β/ between vowels or after voiced consonant |
| C c | /k/, /s/ | /k/ before a, o, u and /s/ before e, i. |
| Ç ç | /s/, /z/ | /z/ only when it's the last letter of a word and the next one stats with a voiced consonant |
| D d | /d/, /ð/ | /d/ when in initial position, after nasal consonant or vowel and after l. /ð/ between vowels and after r. |
| E e | /ɛ/, /e/, /ɨ/, /ɛ̃/, /ɨ̃/ | |
| F f | /f/ | |
| G g | /g/, /ɣ/, /ʒ/ | /g/ before a, o, u, in initial position or after nasal vowel. /ɣ/ between vowels and after r. /ʒ/ before e or i. |
| H h | - | Always mute except when part of a digraph (see below) |
| I i | /i/, /j/, /ĩ/ | |
| J j | /ʒ/ | |
| L l | /l/, /ɫ/ | /ɫ/ only in the definite articles l and ls. /l/ elsewhere. |
| M m | /m/, nasal /m/ | nasal /m/ before p and b. /m/ elsewhere. |
| N n | /n/, nasal /n/ | nasal /n/ in the end of words and before any consonant except p and b. /n/ elsewhere. |
| O o | /ɔ/, /o/, /u/, /õ/ | |
| P p | /p/ | |
| Q q | /k/ | Q always appears next to u, creating the digraph Qu (see below) |
| R r | /ɾ/, /ʁ/ | /ɾ/ between vowels, in the end of syllables or as a second element of the groups br, cr, fr, gr, pr, tr. /ʁ/ in initial position or in initial position of a syllable after a consonant. |
| S s | /s/, /z/ | /s/ in initial position of words, initial position of syllables after consonants and end of syllable or word. /z/ between vowels and before voiced consonants. |
| T t | /t/ | |
| U u | /u/, /w/, /ũ/ | |
| X x | /ʃ/ | |
| Y y | /j/ | |
| Z z | /z/ |
The letters K, V and W do not belong to the Mirandese alphabet and only appear in loanwords.
| Letter | Pronunciation | Comments |
|---|---|---|
| K k | /k/ | |
| V v | /b/, /β/, /v/ | /v/ only in proper names. |
| W w | /w/, /b/, /β/ |
Digraphs
| Digraph | Pronunciation | Comments |
|---|---|---|
| Ch ch | /tʃ/ | |
| Gu gu | /g/, /gu/ | /g/ before e and i, apart from very few exceptions where it's pronounced /gu/. /gu/ before a, en and o. |
| Lh lh | /ʎ/ | |
| nh | /ɲ/ | |
| Qu qu | /k/, /ku/ | /ku/ before a, en and o. /k/ before e and i. |
| rr | /ʁ/ | |
| ss | /s/ |
Mirandese pages
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|---|
| Introduction · Gender · Numbers · Pronouns · Sounds and Writing · Verbs |
| Italic Languages | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Latino-Faliscan | Faliscan | ||||
Latin
| Italo-Dalmatian | Corsican, Dalmatian, Istriot, Italian, Neapolitan, Sicilian
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| Eastern Romance | Moldovan, Romanian
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| Southern Romance | Sardian,
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| Western Romance | Pyrenean-Mozarabic | Aragonese, Mozarabic | |||
| Gallo-Iberian | Langues d'oïl | French
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| Occitano-Romance | |||||
| Gallo-Italian | |||||
| Ibero-Romance | West Iberian | Galician, Leonese, Spanish, Portuguese
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| East Iberian | Catalan
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| Rhaeto-Romance | Friulian, Ladin, Romansh
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| Oscan | Sabine, South Picene, Oscan | ||||
| Umbrian | Aequian, Marsian, Umbrian, Volscian | ||||
| Vestinian | Vestinian | ||||
Northeastern Portugal
Corsican,
Dalmatian,
Istriot,
Neapolitan,
Sicilian
Moldovan,
Sardian,
Leonese,
Catalan
Friulian,
Ladin,
Romansh
