From WikiLang
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Mirandese |
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| Indo-European | Italic | Northeastern Portugal |
Extended Latin | |
This page details pronouns in Mirandese.
Contents |
Personal pronouns
| Subject | Direct object | Indirect object | (Prep. +) obj. | Reflexive | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st-person singular | you | me | me | mi | me |
| 2nd-person singular | tu | te | te | ti | te |
| 3rd-person singular (masculine) | el | lo, l | le | el, si | se |
| 3rd-person singular (feminine) | eilha | la | le | eilha, si | se |
| 1st-person plural | nós | mos | mos | nós | mos |
| 2nd-person plural | bós | bos | bos | bós | bos |
| 3rd-person plural (masculine) | eilhes | les, los | le, les | eilhes, si | se |
| 3rd-person plural (feminine) | eilhas | las | le, les | eilhas, si | se |
Examples:
-
Tu quieres ir a Miranda manhana? Si, you quiero.
Do you want to go to Miranda tomorrow? Yes, I want.Anton bemo-mos adespuis.
See you (lit. “we see ourselves”) later then.
Indirect object pronoun + Direct object pronoun
| Masc. sg. obj. | Fem. sg. obj. | Masc. pl. obj. | Fem. pl. obj. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st-person singular | me-lo | me-la | me-los | me-las |
| 2nd-person singular | te-lo | te-la | te-los | te-las |
| 3rd-person singular | le-lo / lo | le-la / la | le-los / los | le-las / las |
| 1st-person plural | mos-lo | mos-la | mos-los | mos-las |
| 2nd-person plural | bos-lo | bos-la | bos-los | bos-las |
| 3rd-person plural | le-lo | le-la | le-los | le-las |
Examples:
-
Tu deste-le ls lhibros. Tu deste-le-los.
You gave him the books. You gave them to him.Hoije cumprei-te miel. Cumprei-te-lo hoije.
Today I bought you honey. I bought it (to you) today.
Notice that in oral language when referring to something related to 3rd-person singular or plural the “le-lo/le-la/le-los/le-las” form is always changed to “-lo/-las/-los/-las”. Ex: Instead of “Cumprei-le-lo”, “Cumprei-lo” is the used form.
In 3rd person singular and plural prepositioned forms are also used. Ex: A quien pediste l denheiro? – Pedi-lo a el.
Who did you ask the money? – I asked him (for it).
Personal pronouns with the preposition "cun" (with)
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st-person | cumigo | cun nós |
| 2nd-person | cuntigo | cun bós |
| 3rd-person | cun el, cun eilha | cun eilhes, cun eilhas |
Examples:
-
Ben cumigo.
Come with me.Tu fuste cun eilha.
You went with her.
Possessive pronouns
| Masc. sg. | Fem. sg. | Masc. pl. | Fem. pl. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st-person singular | miu | mie | mius | mies |
| 2nd-person singular | tou | tue | tous | tues |
| 3rd-person singular | sou | sue | sous | sues |
| 1st-person plural | nuôsso | nuôssa | nuôssos | nuôssas |
| 2nd-person plural | buôsso | buôssa | buôssos | buôssas |
| 3rd-person plural | sou | sue | sous | sues |
Examples:
-
L miu lhibro.
My book.La nuôssa tierra.
Our land.
In 3rd person singular and plural the possessive pronoun is also used with the preposition "de" (of) to indicate possession:
| Masculine | Fememine | |
|---|---|---|
| 3rd-person singular | del | deilha |
| 3rd-person plural | deilhes | deilhas |
Examples:
-
You dei-le l lhibro que era del.
I gave him the book that was his. (that belonged to him)
Demonstrative pronouns
| I sg. | I pl. | II sg. | II pl. | III sg. | III pl. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masculine | este | estes | esse | esses | aquel, lo, l | aqueilhes, los, ls |
| Feminine | esta | estas | essa | essas | aqueilha, la | aqueilhas, las |
| Neuter | esto | - | esso | - | aqueilho, l aqueilho | - |
Examples:
-
Yê este eiqui.
It’s this one here.Aqueilhas casas.
Those houses.Nun sei esso.
I don’t know that.
Indefinite pronouns
Variable forms
| Masc. sg. | Fem. sg. | Masc. pl. | Fem. pl. |
|---|---|---|---|
| un | ũa | uns | ũas |
| algun | algũa | alguns | algũas |
| ningun/niun | ningũa/niũa | ninguns/niuns | ningũas/niũas |
| todo | toda | todos | todas |
| outro | outra | outros | outras |
| ciêrto | ciêrta | ciêrtos | ciêrtas |
| qualquiêra | qualquiêra | qualesquiêra | qualesquiêra |
| muito | muitas | muitos | muitas |
| pouco | pouca | poucos | poucas |
| tanto | tanta | tantos | tantas |
| tal | tal | tales | tales |
| - | - | bários | bárias |
Invariable forms
Algo, alguien, cada, demás, más/mais, menos, nada, naide, todo.
Relative and interrogative pronouns
Variable forms
Quanto, quanta, quantos, quantas; qual, quales.
Invariable forms
Que, quien.
Mirandese pages
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|---|
| Introduction · Gender · Numbers · Pronouns · Sounds and Writing · Verbs |
| Italic Languages | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Latino-Faliscan | Faliscan | ||||
Latin
| Italo-Dalmatian | Corsican, Dalmatian, Istriot, Italian, Neapolitan, Sicilian
| |||
| Eastern Romance | Moldovan, Romanian
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| Southern Romance | Sardian,
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| Western Romance | Pyrenean-Mozarabic | Aragonese, Mozarabic | |||
| Gallo-Iberian | Langues d'oïl | French
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| Occitano-Romance | |||||
| Gallo-Italian | |||||
| Ibero-Romance | West Iberian | Galician, Leonese, Spanish, Portuguese
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| East Iberian | Catalan
| ||||
| Rhaeto-Romance | Friulian, Ladin, Romansh
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| Oscan | Sabine, South Picene, Oscan | ||||
| Umbrian | Aequian, Marsian, Umbrian, Volscian | ||||
| Vestinian | Vestinian | ||||
Northeastern Portugal
Corsican,
Dalmatian,
Istriot,
Neapolitan,
Sicilian
Moldovan,
Sardian,
Leonese,
Catalan
Friulian,
Ladin,
Romansh
