Dutch:Pronouns
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In dutch, like in English and the Northern Germanic languages, pronouns are some of the only words that inflect for gender, person, number, and case.
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Persoonlijke Voornaamworden - Personal Pronouns
| Personal Pronouns | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| subject stressed | subject unstressed | object stressed | object unstressed | |
| 1s | Ik | 'k | mij | me |
| 2s | jij | je | jou | je |
| 2s-pol | u | - | u | - |
| 3sm | hij | ie | hem | 'm |
| 3sf | zij | ze | haar | d'r |
| 3sn | het | 't | het | 't |
| 1p | wij | we | ons | - |
| 2p | jullie | - | jullie | - |
| 2p-pol | u | - | u | - |
| 3p | zij | ze | hen/hun | ze |
Bezittelijke Voornaamworden - Possessive Pronouns
| Possessive pronouns and adjectives | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Independent pronouns | Possessive constructs | Possessive adjectives stressed | Possessive adjectives unstressed | |
| 1s | mijne | van mij | mijn | m'n |
| 2s | jouwe | van jou | jouw | je |
| 2-pol | uwe | van u | uw | - |
| 3sm1 | zijne | van hem | zijn | z'n |
| 3sf | hare | van haar | haar | d'r |
| 3sn | zijne | - | zijn | z'n |
| 1p | onze | van ons | ons/onze | - |
| 2p | - | van jullie | jullie | je |
| 3p | hunne | van hen | hun | d'r |
1: The masculine form can also use diens. This form is necessary when there is ambiguity.
Aanwijzende Voornaamworden - Demonstrative Pronouns
Demonstrative pronouns can be used either independently as pronouns or together with nouns as adjectives.
- If the article used with the word is het:
- dit is used for this
- dat is used for that
- If the article used with the word is de:
- deze is used for this
- die is used for that
Betrekkelijke Voornaamworden - Relative Pronouns
In English, we commonly use the word that to both refer to relative pronouns and to join subordinate clauses. In Dutch, one uses a form of the demonstrative pronoun form of that depending on whether the word is a het word or a de word.
| Dutch pages
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| Introduction · Articles · Pronouns (Voornaamworden) · Verbs |
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